PUBLIKAINDONESIA.COM, JAKARTA – Penyakit asam lambung kronis atau dikenal dengan GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) menjadi masalah kesehatan yang kian umum di masyarakat. Gejala khas seperti nyeri dada, sensasi terbakar di dada (heartburn), dan rasa pahit di mulut akibat naiknya asam lambung, kerap mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari penderitanya.
Menurut Prof. Dr. dr. Ari Fahrial Syam, SpPD-KGEH, MMB, pengobatan GERD tidak bisa dilakukan sembarangan. Jika tidak ditangani secara tepat, kondisi ini dapat memicu komplikasi serius, termasuk luka pada kerongkongan hingga gangguan paru-paru.
“Prinsip utama mengobati pasien GERD adalah menghilangkan gejala dan mencegah komplikasi,” ujar Prof. Ari dalam keterangan resminya.
Kombinasi Gaya Hidup dan Obat Jadi Kunci
Prof. Ari menekankan bahwa pendekatan pengobatan GERD harus mencakup perubahan gaya hidup seperti pengaturan pola makan dan tidur, serta konsumsi obat yang sesuai.
Berikut tiga jenis obat yang umum digunakan untuk menangani GERD:
1. Antasida
- Bekerja menetralkan asam lambung.
- Efeknya cepat namun sementara.
- Dapat dibeli tanpa resep dokter.
- Cocok untuk meredakan nyeri ulu hati secara instan.
2. Penghambat Reseptor H2 (H2 Blocker)
- Contoh: ranitidin, famotidin, nizatidin, simetidin.
- Mengurangi produksi asam lambung.
- Efektif untuk gejala yang muncul di malam hari atau saat tidur.
3. Penghambat Pompa Proton (PPI)
- Contoh: omeprazol, esomeprazol, lansoprazol, pantoprazol, rabeprazol.
- Merupakan terapi paling kuat untuk GERD kronis.
- Biasa digunakan dalam jangka menengah hingga panjang, tergantung kondisi pasien.
“Obat-obat yang menghambat produksi asam lambung atau dikenal sebagai anti sekresi merupakan pilihan utama untuk terapi GERD. Di antaranya, PPI menjadi yang paling efektif,” jelas Prof. Ari.
Waspadai Komplikasi, Jangan Abaikan Gejala
Prof. Ari mengingatkan masyarakat untuk tidak mengabaikan gejala GERD, terutama jika muncul secara berulang. Penanganan dini dengan obat yang tepat dapat mencegah kondisi berkembang menjadi lebih parah.
Penderita juga disarankan berkonsultasi dengan dokter spesialis untuk mendapatkan diagnosis yang akurat dan pengobatan yang sesuai dengan tingkat keparahan penyakit.
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